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as "in the matter, in connection with." From early 14c.
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1300 it had developed senses of "around, in a circular course, round and round on every side, so as to surround in every direction " also "engaged in" ( Wist ye not that I must be about my Father's business?), and gradually it forced out Old English ymbe, ymbutan (from PIE root *ambhi- "around") in the sense "round about, in the neighborhood of."įrom mid-13c. Middle English aboute, from Old English abutan (adv., prep.), earlier onbutan "on the outside of around the circumference of, enveloping in the vicinity of, near hither and thither, from place to place," also "with a rotating or spinning motion," in late Old English "near in time, number, degree, etc., approximately " a compound or contraction of on (see on also see a- (1)) + be "by" (see by) + utan "outside," from ut (see out (adv.)).īy c. The figurative expression run interference (1929) is from U.S. To run a (red) traffic signal is by 1933. To run around with "consort with" is from 1887. To run across "meet by chance, fall in with" is attested from 1855, American English. Many figurative uses are from horseracing or hunting (such as to run (something) into the ground "carry to excess, exhaust by constant pursuit," 1836, American English). The sense of "cause a mechanical device to keep moving or working" is by 1817. as "to pierce, stab," hence 1520s as "thrust through or into something." The meaning "enter (a horse) in a race" is from 1750. The transitive sense of "cause to run" was in Old English. To run on "keep on, continue without pause or change" is from 1590s. To run low "be nearly exhausted" is by 1712 to run short "exhaust one's supply" is from 1752 to run out of in the same sense is from 1713. In commerce, "be of a specified price, size, etc.," by 1762. Many senses are via the notion of "pass into or out of a certain state." To run dry "cease to yield water or milk" (1630s). The meaning "carry on" (a business, etc.) is by 1861, American English hence extended senses of "look after, manage." As "publish or print in a newspaper or magazine," by 1884.
RUNABOUT DEFINITION MOVIE
Of movie film, "pass between spools," hence "be shown," by 1931. Of colors, "to spread in a fabric when exposed to moisture," 1771. Of machinery or mechanical devices, "go through normal or allotted movements or operation," 1560s. Of conveyances, stage lines, etc., "perform a regular passage from place to place" by 1817. 1300 as "keep going, extend through a period of time, remain in existence." Specifically of theater plays by 1808. as "have a certain direction or course." By c. 1200 as "compete in a race." Extended to "strive for any ends," especially "enter a contest for office or honors, stand as a candidate in an election" (1826, American English). 1200 as "take flight, retreat hurriedly or secretly." Phrase run for it "take flight" is attested from 1640s.Īlso from c. Of streams, etc., "to flow," from late Old English. Watkins says both are from PIE *ri-ne-a-, nasalized form of root *rei- "to run, flow," but Boutkan's sources find this derivation doubtful based on the poor attestation of supposed related forms, and he lists it as of "No certain IE etymology." The second is Old English transitive weak verb ærnan, earnan "ride, run to, reach, gain by running" (probably a metathesis of *rennan), from Proto-Germanic *rannjanan, causative of the root *ren- "to run." This is cognate with Old Saxon renian, Old High German rennen, German rennen, Gothic rannjan. The first is intransitive rinnan, irnan "to run, flow, run together" (past tense ran, past participle runnen), which is cognate with Middle Dutch runnen, Old Saxon, Old High German, Gothic rinnan, German rinnen "to flow, run."
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The modern verb is a merger of two related Old English words, in both of which the initial two letters sometimes switched places. Old English, "move swiftly by using the legs, go on legs more rapidly than walking," also "make haste, hurry be active, pursue or follow a course," and, of inanimate things, "to move over a course."